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Two-dimensional Ca2Mn8O16 nanosheets mimic enzyme activities, generate ROS, and induce Ca2 + overload, amplifying the synergistic effects of ferroptosis and apoptosis [117]

For example, in the study by Yasuo et al

Ang II activates a number of signaling pathways in cells, including serine/threonine kinase, ERK, JNK/MAPK, and PKC [15] and has been proven in studies to elevate cytokines (IL-6, TNF-, and others), oxidative damage caused by ROS, endothelial injury caused by blocking NO generation, and vasoconstriction

(IV) Although many researchers have devoted themselves to uncovering the precise mechanisms of ferroptosis and have made some achievements, the existing studies mostly focused on the upstream pathways of lipid peroxidation, leaving largely unexplored the downstream molecular pathways or key molecular junctions after the initiation of ferroptosis

Diamond Blackfan anemia: diagnosis, treatment and molecular pathogenesis