The marked metabolites identified in this study aligned with energy metabolic pathways, including carbohydrate metabolism (glycolysis/gluconeogenesis and glyoxylate, dicarboxylate metabolism, and pyruvate metabolism), propanoate metabolism, and methane metabolism (Fig
Zeisberg EM, Tarnavski O, Zeisberg M, Dorfman AL, McMullen JR, Gustafsson E, Chandraker A, Yuan X, Pu WT, Roberts AB, Neilson EG, Sayegh MH, Izumo S, Kalluri R (2007) Endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition contributes to cardiac fibrosis
Funding This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (82104534, 81903902) and the Sichuan Province Science Research Special Funding Project for Postdoctoral Fellows (2022BSH044)
This was paralleled by changes in certain intracellular signaling proteins, including Akt, which is commonly linked with survival and growth-related pathways
Hexosamine biosynthetic pathway The hexosamine biosynthetic pathway (HBP) is an alternative secondary route within glucose metabolism that processes fructose-6-phosphate (F6P) and glutamine into glucosamine-6-phosphate (G6P) through the enzymatic action of glutaminefructose-6-phosphate transaminase (GFPT), present in the forms of GFPT1 and GFPT2, with GFPT2 being the primary isoform active in cardiac tissue [90]
Crosstalk between mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and age related neurodegenerative disease: Etiologies and therapeutic strategies
